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28.10.2023 | Original Article

Effects of bisphosphonates and treadmill exercise on bone and kidney in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease rats

verfasst von: Shuntaro Harata, Yuji Kasukawa, Koji Nozaka, Hiroyuki Tsuchie, Ryo Shoji, Shun Igarashi, Fumihito Kasama, Keita Oya, Kento Okamoto, Naohisa Miyakoshi

Erschienen in: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism | Ausgabe 6/2023

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Abstract

Introduction

The increasing prevalence of osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to the aging of society has highlighted the need for development of effective treatments for elderly patients. This study examined whether the combination of treadmill exercise therapy and alendronate (ALN) can improve bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength without worsening renal function in adenine-induced CKD model rats.

Materials and methods

8-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 70) were divided into experimental groups based on the treatment protocol, i.e., non-CKD (control), vehicle only (CKD), ALN only, exercise only, and combined ALN plus exercise. A 0.75% adenine diet was used to induce CKD. Groups were killed at either 20 or 30 weeks of age. Comprehensive assessments included serum and urine biochemistry tests, renal histology, bone histomorphometry, BMD measurement, micro-computed tomography examinations, and biomechanical testing.

Results

Blood biochemistry tests, urine analyses and histological evaluations of the kidney demonstrated that ALN treatment did not worsen renal function or kidney fibrosis in moderate-stage CKD model rats. Both ALN and treadmill exercise significantly suppressed bone resorption (p < 0.05–p < 0.01). Moreover, ALN monotherapy and combined ALN and treadmill exercise significantly improved BMD of the lumbar spine and femur, bone microstructure, and trabecular bone strength (p < 0.05–p < 0.01). Treadmill exercise was also shown to decrease cortical porosity at the mid-diaphysis of the femur and improve kidney fibrosis.

Conclusion

The combination of ALN and treadmill exercise is effective in improving BMD, the microstructure of trabecular and cortical bone, and bone strength, without compromising renal function in adenine-induced CKD model rats.

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Titel: Effects of bisphosphonates and treadmill exercise on bone and kidney in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease rats
verfasst von: Shuntaro Harata
Yuji Kasukawa
Koji Nozaka
Hiroyuki Tsuchie
Ryo Shoji
Shun Igarashi
Fumihito Kasama
Keita Oya
Kento Okamoto
Naohisa Miyakoshi
Publikationsdatum: 28.10.2023
Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore
Erschienen in: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism / Ausgabe 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0914-8779
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-5604
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-023-01471-6

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Effects of bisphosphonates and treadmill exercise on bone and kidney in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease rats